How to Use Windows Terminal Effectively

Windows Terminal is a powerful tool that integrates various command-line shells like Command Prompt, PowerShell, and WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) into a single convenient interface. In this guide, we'll explore the key features and tips that will help you boost your productivity while using Windows Terminal.

1. Installing Windows Terminal

You can install Windows Terminal from the Microsoft Store or via winget:

winget install --id Microsoft.WindowsTerminal -e

Once installed, Windows Terminal is ready to use with PowerShell and Command Prompt by default. You can also add other shells like WSL or Git Bash manually.

2. Key Features of Windows Terminal

  • Tabs and Split Panes: You can open multiple tabs and use split panes to display different shells side by side.
  • Font Support: Use ligature-supported fonts like Fira Code for improved code readability.
  • Customizable Profiles: Create unique profiles for each shell with personalized settings.
  • Theme and Color Schemes: Switch between light and dark themes or create your own color schemes for a tailored experience.

3. Configuring Windows Terminal

All settings are stored in the settings.json file. You can open it by pressing Ctrl + , or via the settings menu. In this file, you can customize color schemes, add profiles, and define keyboard shortcuts.

{
  "profiles": {
    "list": [
      {
        "guid": "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}",
        "name": "PowerShell",
        "commandline": "powershell.exe",
        "hidden": false
      },
      {
        "guid": "{11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111}",
        "name": "Ubuntu",
        "commandline": "wsl.exe",
        "hidden": false
      }
    ]
  }
}

In the example above, profiles for PowerShell and WSL (Ubuntu) are added. You can change the name, command line, and appearance of each profile as you like.

4. Windows Terminal Keyboard Shortcuts

Using keyboard shortcuts can significantly speed up your workflow. Here are some of the most useful ones:

  • Ctrl + Shift + T — Open a new tab.
  • Ctrl + Shift + W — Close the current tab.
  • Alt + Shift + D — Split the screen into panes.
  • Ctrl + Shift + , — Open settings.

5. Using Windows Terminal with WSL

If you are using the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), Windows Terminal provides a seamless interface for running your favorite Linux shell. You can add WSL as a separate profile with the wsl.exe command, allowing you to execute Linux commands directly in Windows.

{
  "guid": "{22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222}",
  "name": "WSL Ubuntu",
  "commandline": "wsl.exe",
  "hidden": false,
  "startingDirectory": "//wsl$/Ubuntu/home/username"
}

This configuration sets WSL to start in the user's home directory in Ubuntu.

6. Productivity Tips

  • Use PowerShell and WSL Simultaneously: Open split panes with different shells to run commands in multiple environments at the same time.
  • Set Up Command Autostart: Enable commands like ssh or docker to run automatically when you open a profile.
  • Install Custom Themes: Try themes from the community at windowsterminalthemes.dev to enhance your Terminal's appearance.

7. Conclusion

Windows Terminal is a versatile tool for developers and users who frequently work with the command line. With support for tabs, panes, and extensive customization, it offers a streamlined and efficient environment for various tasks. Tailor your Terminal setup to fit your needs, and you'll notice a significant boost in productivity.

Don't be afraid to experiment with different settings and features to make your command-line experience both enjoyable and efficient.