What is the Microsoft Basic Display Adapter in Windows?

In Windows operating systems, there is a default driver known as the “Microsoft Basic Display Adapter.” This driver activates when the system lacks a proper driver for the video card. While it allows basic display functionality, it doesn't provide optimal performance and lacks support for complex graphic functions essential for gaming or resource-intensive programs.

When Does the Microsoft Basic Display Adapter Activate?

Windows switches to the basic display adapter in the following situations:

  • Absence of a video card driver. If no dedicated driver is installed, Windows will automatically rely on the basic display adapter to ensure minimal functionality.

  • Issues with the video card driver. If there’s a crash or compatibility issue with the existing driver, Windows falls back to the basic adapter for stable operation.

  • After a video card upgrade or replacement. When a new video card is installed, the basic driver will be active until the correct driver is installed for the new hardware.

What Are the Limitations of Using the Microsoft Basic Display Adapter?

The Microsoft Basic Display Adapter provides only minimal performance, which can limit users in tasks like:

  • Running modern games that require high-performance graphics;

  • Working with graphics and video editors that demand high computational resources;

  • Launching applications that utilize hardware-accelerated graphics for optimal performance.

How to Install the Correct Driver for Your Video Card

To improve performance and take full advantage of your video card’s capabilities, installing the appropriate driver is necessary. You can do this by:

  1. Using Windows Update: Windows can automatically search for and install drivers if your device is connected to the Internet.

  2. Visiting the manufacturer’s website: If Windows Update doesn’t help, visit your video card manufacturer’s website, such as NVIDIA, AMD, or Intel, and download the latest driver.

  3. Using Device Manager: In the Device Manager, you can update the driver by selecting your video card and choosing “Update driver.”