Windows Cannot Complete the Format of a USB Drive or Memory Card — How to Fix It?

If you encounter an issue where Windows cannot complete the format of your USB drive or memory card, you’re not alone. This problem can arise due to various reasons, such as a damaged file system, hardware issues, or incorrect format settings. In this guide, we’ll explore several methods to help you resolve this issue and restore your device.

Why Can’t Windows Complete the Format?

Before diving into solutions, it’s essential to understand why this issue occurs:

  • Corrupted file system: The storage device might be corrupted due to improper ejection, malware, or file system errors.
  • Write protection enabled: Some USB drives or memory cards have a physical switch that prevents data writing.
  • Hardware issues: Faulty memory chips can cause errors during formatting.
  • Incompatible file system: Windows may not recognize certain file systems (e.g., exFAT or ext4), especially if the device was formatted on another platform.

How to Fix the "Cannot Complete the Format" Error

Let’s go through several solutions that can help you get your USB drive or memory card working again.

Solution 1: Use Command Prompt (Diskpart)

One reliable way to fix this issue is by using Command Prompt with the Diskpart utility. Here’s how:

  1. Press Win + R, type cmd, and press Enter.
  2. Type diskpart and press Enter.
  3. In the Diskpart window, type list disk to see all connected drives.
  4. Identify your USB drive and type select disk X (replace X with your drive’s number).
  5. Run the command clean to wipe the drive.
  6. Then type create partition primary and format fs=ntfs quick to format the drive quickly using the NTFS file system.
  7. Type exit to close the utility.

If the process completes successfully, your drive should be ready to use.

Solution 2: Format Using Disk Management Tool

If you prefer a graphical interface, try using the "Disk Management" tool:

  1. Press Win + X and select Disk Management.
  2. Locate your USB drive, right-click on it, and choose Format.
  3. Ensure the correct file system (e.g., FAT32 or NTFS) is selected and click OK.

If the formatting completes without errors, the problem is resolved.

Solution 3: Use Third-Party Tools

In some cases, built-in Windows tools may not be sufficient. Consider using specialized software like:

These programs often have more advanced features for repairing and formatting drives.

Solution 4: Check for Errors and Remove Write Protection

Sometimes the issue is caused by write protection. Try the following steps:

  1. Connect your USB drive and open the Command Prompt as an administrator.
  2. Type chkdsk X: /f (replace X with your drive letter) to check and fix errors.
  3. Then use the diskpart utility and enter attributes disk clear readonly to remove write protection.

These actions can help fix file system errors and clear any write protection flags.